在电场作用下，同心圆柱筒中的介电作用及挠曲电作用具有与平面液晶盒中不同的性质。本文在轴向强锚定边界条件下，对柱筒内添加手性剂的向列相液晶5CB施加径向电场，分别研究了介电效应和挠曲电效应对指向矢分布的影响。基于液晶连续体弹性理论和有限差分迭代方法，计算了体平衡态方程。通过数值计算发现，挠曲电系数e₁、e₃具有不同的取向作用。本文的模拟结果为电场作用下柱筒内手性向列相液晶指向矢结构的预测提供了更全面的理论分析，对液晶挠曲电系数的测量也具有一定的指导意义。

激光散斑被广泛应用于生物医学，成像探测以及无损检测等应用中，为了提升目标在环系统中基于散斑统计特性反馈远场激光聚焦光斑质量的评价效率和精度。提出了多通道协同探测的方法获得回波散斑信号的时间空间融合评价因子，并对散斑场统计理论、多点协同探测系统模型和散斑时间与空间频谱融合统计特性展开深入研究。首先，利用单点探测器探测动态散斑的强度波动信号，对其进行滤波、自相关和傅立叶变换后获得散斑场的功率谱，再乘以权重获得散斑评价因子，探究该评价因子监视远场光斑的可行性。然后，提出对探测面不同空间位点获得的时间信号进行拼接的方法，并列举实现该方法的先决条件。最后，通过仿真与实验验证利用散斑场融合频谱获得评价因子的有效性。结果表明，动态散斑评价因子随目标光斑尺寸的增加而减小，当探测面上4通道协同获取的信号不相关时，评价因子取平均可使精度提高2倍，而时间空间融合频谱获得的评价因子可保证精度的同时使系统带宽提高4倍。综上所述，多点协同获取的散斑评价因子可以更快速的监视远距离运动目标的光斑变化。

Solution-processable, single-crystalline perovskite nanowires are ideal candidates for developing low-cost photodetectors, but their detectivities are limited due to a high level of unintentional defects. Through the surface-initiated solution-growth method, we fabricated high-quality, single-crystalline, defects-suppressed MAPbI3 nanowires, which possess atomically smooth side surfaces with a surface roughness of 0.27 nm, corresponding to a carrier lifetime of 112.9 ns. By forming ohmic MAPbI3/Au contacts through the dry contact method, high-performance metal–semiconductor–metal photodetectors have been demonstrated with a record large linear dynamic range of 157 dB along with a record high detectivity of 1.2×1014Jones at an illumination power density of 5.5nW/cm2. Such superior photodetector performance metrics are attributed to, first, the defects-suppressed property of the as-grown MAPbI3 nanowires, which leads to a quite low noise current in the dark, and second, the ohmic contact between MAPbI3 and Au interfaces, which gives rise to an improved responsivity compared with the Schottky contact counterpart. The realized high-performance MAPbI3 nanowire photodetector advances the development of low-cost photodetectors and has potential applications in weak-signal photodetection.